Building Analysis  -   Mosque of Ibn Tulun

Name of Building : The Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Ţūlūn
Location : Fustat | Cairo, Egypt 
Year of construction : completed 879 A.D
Materials : Age Bricks
Building Type : Mosque
Distinguished Feature : new building techniques, free standing wall, vast land areas.
Basic Outline Geometry : Two squares and one rectangle
Dimensions :162 x 162
Religious Importance: built by Ibn Tulun, oldest mosque in Cairo.

Ariel View of | Mosque of Ibn Tulun

Pillars on the eastern side hall | Mosque of Ibn Tulun

Interior shot through the courtyard | Mosque of Ibn Tulun

Exterior walls and minaret   | Mosque of Ibn Tulun

Dimensions of outer walls and inner courtyard

Dimension of outer walls and inner courtyard

Exterior walls and location of minaret

References :
Islamic Art and Architecture, 650–1250

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Building Analysis  -  The Great mosque of Samaraa

Name of Building : The Great Mosque of Samarra.
Location :  Samarra, Iraq.
Year of construction :847-861A.H
Materials : baked bricks, clay, walls were panelled with mosaics of dark blue glass.
Building Type : Mosque [Jame' جامع]
Distinguished Feature : The Malwiya Minaret [Spiral minaret] - the spiraling cone is 52 meters high and 33 meters wide at the base.
Basic Outline Geometry : Rectangle in plan. outer rectangle dimension (444mx156m)
Dimensions :  444x156 m | Height (outer wall) : 10 meters, minaret (52 meters height)
Religious Importance:was once the largest mosque in the Islamic world built by Caliph Al-Mutawakkil.

Ariel view of the great mosque

The Great Mosque of Samarra - Plan | Outer wall dimensions

The Great Mosque of Samarra - Plan | inner courtyard dimensions

The Great Mosque of Samarra - Plan | Prayer hall

The Great Mosque of Samarra - Plan | Zeyada

The Great Mosque of Samarra - Plan | Location of Malwiya minaret

The Great Mosque of Samarra - Plan | Outer wall height

Malwiya minaret

References :
-Islamic Art and Architecture, 650–1250
-Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Samarra
-Web references
http://www.atlastours.net/iraq/samarra.html
http://www.amusingplanet.com/2014/08/the-great-mosque-of-samarra.html

The book on Amazon: 

Notable Material of choice:  Mud bricks (baked mud bricks), adobe.
Working process :

• Utilizing ancient design methods and materials, as well as ancient architectural and town design techniques. 
• training local inhabitants to make their own materials and build their own buildings.

Most prominent style : Vernacular architecture 
Years active : 1928-1988
Influenced by : Joseph Maria Olbrich, the Bauhaus, The Vienna Secession, Adolf Loos and Art Deco, Islamic architecture and Ornamentation such as Mashrabya ,water reservoirs and windcatchers.
Work locations : Egypt (Cairo), 
Nationality : Egyptian
Books published : 

• Architecture for the poor
• Gourna: A Tale of Two Villages
• Natural Energy and Vernacular Architecture: Principles and Examples with Reference to Hot Arid Climates

Best Known for : Utilizing ancient design methods and materials such as mud bricks.
Awards:  

• Aga Khan Award for Architecture Chairman's Award (1980), 
• Balzan Prize for Architecture and Urban Planning (1980), 
• Right Livelihood Award (1980)

New Gourna project in which he gained an international critical acclaim for his involvement of it's construction .

New Gourna project in which he gained an international critical acclaim for his involvement of it's construction .

New Gourna was a housing project masterminded by Hassan Fathy with the objective of re-housing the Seven Thousand people of Gourna, a village built on the site of the Tomb of the Nobles, part of the ancient cemetery of Thebes (now Luxor, Egypt). The project incorporated traditional techniques and materials and vernacular styles with the benefit of contemporary know-how, generating an economically and ecologically sustainable building ethos that was integral to the community that would occupy the village.

The Initial design of the village was for the village to include the following (the program of the village):

• The Market building (center of the village) * the only structure that was built. 
• Building complex for governmental services.
• Clinical services (hospital) 
• Police department 
• School 
• Workshops and Storage.
• Housing complexes .  

Technical Drawings :






























References :
  http://archnet.org/system/publications/contents/3528/original/DPC0304.pdf?1384775505
http://architectureindevelopment.org/project.php?id=30
يحيى الزينى - من أفكار  شيخ المعماريين  حسن فتحي
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hassan_Fathy